α-Endorphin

Overview

α-Endorphin (also known as alpha-endorphin or LPH(61-76)) is an endogenous opioid peptide naturally produced in the pituitary gland and central nervous system. This 16-amino acid peptide plays a significant role in pain modulation, stress response, and emotional regulation.

Molecular Properties

• CAS Number: 59004-96-5
• Molecular Weight: 1745.95
• Molecular Formula: C₇₇H₁₂₀N₁₈O₂₆S
• Purity: ≥97%

Mechanism of Action

α-Endorphin exerts its effects by binding to mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors throughout the nervous system. This binding activates inhibitory G-proteins, leading to a cascade of events:

• Reduced cAMP levels: Decreased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate.
• Calcium channel closure: Reduced influx of calcium ions into neurons.
• Potassium channel opening: Increased efflux of potassium ions from neurons.

These changes result in decreased neurotransmitter release, ultimately modulating pain perception and emotional responses.

Research Applications

α-Endorphin is a valuable tool in neuroscience research, allowing scientists to study:

• Endogenous opioid system: The body's natural pain management and stress response mechanisms.
• Pain pathways: Understanding the neurochemical processes underlying pain perception.
• Stress response: Investigating the role of opioids in coping with stress.
• Reward systems: Exploring the involvement of opioids in reward and motivation.

Research with α-endorphin contributes significantly to advancements in neurobiology and endocrinology, enhancing our understanding of the body's natural homeostasis and stress management capabilities.

Conclusion

α-Endorphin's role as an endogenous opioid peptide is crucial to the body's natural pain management and stress response systems. Further research using α-endorphin continues to unlock valuable insights into these complex biological processes.